ABSTRACT
Erythropoiesis, is a vital process in the production of red blood cells, which is fundamental for maintaining oxygen balance in vertebrates. It is predominantly regulated by erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein hormone synthesized by the kidneys in response to low blood oxygen levels.This research explores the effect of Jatropha tanjorensis aqueous extract on erythropoiesis. In this study, adult male wistar albino rats were categorized into groups A, B, C, D, and E. Group A served as the control and received standard feed and water. Group B was induced with anemia using phenylhydrazine without Jatropha tanjorensis extract supplementation. Groups C, D, and E were subjected to anemia induction and treated with varying doses (1000mg/kg, 2000mg/kg, and 4000mg/kg) of Jatropha tanjorensis aqueous extract for three weeks. Statistical analysis was carried out using GraphPad software. White blood cell (WBC) parameters demonstrated significant variations (p<0.05). The control group exhibited distinct WBC values, while the 40mg Phenylhydrazine-treated group displayed different counts. The untreated group showed elevated values, and the 1000mg/kg, 2000mg/kg, and 4000mg/kg dose groups revealed unique patterns (p < 0.05). Red blood cell (RBC) parameters also indicated significant differences. Control values were compared with those of untreated and treated groups. The 40mg Phenylhydrazine-treated group demonstrated specific variations (p < 0.05), and the untreated group had different values. The 1000mg/kg, 2000mg/kg, and 4000mg/kg dose groups presented distinct variations with statistical significance (p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed in platelet parameters (p < 0.05). Various groups displayed differing platelet counts, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) values. The mean comparison of erythropoietin (EPO) mRNA expression highlighted differences between control, untreated, and treated groups. Particularly, the 2000mg/kg treatment group exhibited the highest EPO mRNA expression, with substantial significance between the untreated group (p < 0.01).In conclusion, Jatropha tanjorensis extract affected WBC, RBC, and platelet parameters significantly, offering potential implications for anemia management.
