ABSTRACT

This study examines the physical properties of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC³) by investigating the effect of mixing ratio of calcined clay and limestone on strength development of the LC³ blend of clays and limestone gotten from Okpella, Ekpeshi, Uzebba and Uzalla. This was done by varying different mixes of the LC³ blend in the ratio 1.5:1 and 2:1 and clay which were calcined at 600 and 700°C in muffle furnace by fixing the proportion of gypsum at 5% and the results were compared with OPC. The results show that the strength of mortars with LC³ is lower to the strength of the OPC produced and LC³ providing higher strength with higher levels of clinker substitution. The most efficient way to reduce CO₂ emissions is to reduce clinker content. LC³, a blended cement composed of only 50% clinker, can successfully replace OPC with significantly lower production costs. Additionally, LC³ will eventually replace blended cement made of fly ash or slag as their availability decreases and their cost increases.