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ABSTRACT
Streptozotocin or streptozocin (STZ) is known to cause acute toxicity in several species including humans. This study investigated the ameliorating effect of Irvingia gabonesis stem bark extracts, flavonoids and saponins (IGF and IGS respectively) on the haematological parameters of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Wistar rat. Haematological analysis was conducted to determine the differential effect of fourteen weeks exposure of streptozotocin on the kidney of male rats. Seventy-two albino wistar rats with an average of 150 ± 10g were obtained from the Animal House, Department of Anatomy. For the study, they were divided into nine groups of eight rats each and were fed with rat chow for fourteen weeks along with water. Group 1 served as normal control, group 2 was the diabetic control or negative control, Group 3 was treated with 10mg/kg of metformin, Group 4 was treated with 10mg/kg of the saponin extract, Group 5 was treated with 20mg/kg of the saponin extract, Group 6 was treated with 40mg/kg of the saponin extract, Group 7 was treated with 10mg/kg of the flavonoid extract, Group 8 was treated with 20mg/kg of the flavonoid extract, Group 9 was treated with 40mg/kg of the flavonoid extract. Diabetic state of the rats was induced using 40mg/kg body weight of STZ. Body weight of rats were measured every week. The rats were sacrificed on the 98th day. Haematological analysis including red blood cell count, hemocrit, total white blood cells were carried out. Biochemical analysis including catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Liver function tests were also carried out. Results obtained in this study shows no statistical significant differences in the mean in the haemotological parameters of the experimental groups when compared to the control group. These results indicate that the administered dose of STZ caused liver damage but the Irvingia gabonesis stem bark extract (IGF and IGS) may have been able to ameliorate the toxic effects of STZ.
