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ABSTRACT
The study investigated the effects of punishment and reward on learning capabilities in senior secondary schools in Etsako West Local Government Area, Benin City. The design adopted for this study was the descriptive survey method. Five (5) research questions were raised to guide this study: What are the perception of teachers on reward and punishment in Etsako West Local Government Area of Edo State? Do parents and teachers support the use of reward and punishment in the school system? Does reward encourage or motivate learning among students in Etsako West Local Government Area of Edo State? Does punishment have a negative effect on learning among students in Etsako West Local Government Area of Edo State? What effect would reward and punishment have on educational system in Nigeria? The population of the study consisted of fifty nine (59) senior secondary schools and seven hundred and eighty eight (788) teachers in Etsako West Local Government Area of Edo State. The sample size for this study was a total number of fifty (50) respondents (ten teachers each from five secondary schools). A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from respondents which was tagged, “Teachers’ Questionnaire on the Effects of Punishment & Reward on Learning Capabilities in Schools (SQEPRLCS)”. Data collected from the survey was statistically analyzed. After analysis, results were displayed on tables showing frequencies and percentages of responses. It was found that some teachers in Etsako West Local Government Area misuse reward and punishment. It was also discovered that there is bias among teachers in rewarding students in schools. It was therefore recommended that teachers should remove any form of bias in rewarding students. Also, it was recommended that teachers should make use of reward and punishment appropriately and be aware that the extent and adequacy of utilization of reward and punishment affect teaching and learning as well as the outcomes.
