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SUMMARY
Heavy metals are metallic elements that have a relatively high density compared to water (Fergusson, 1990). They include metalloids such as lead, cadmium etc that are able to induce toxicity at low level of exposure (Duffus, 2002). Examples of heavy metals include lead, cadmium, iron, copper etc (Morrow, 2010 and Hayes, 2007). It affects all parts of our body including the respiratory system.The respiratory system is the set of organs that allows a person to breathe and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. Humans get in contact with heavy metals by consuming contaminated food stuffs, sea animals, and drinking of water (Wani and Ara, 2005) or through inhalation of polluted air as dust fumes, or through occupational exposure at workplace.Heavy metal toxicity can have several health effects in the body. They can damage and alter the functioning of organs such as the lung.
Long- Chronic inhalation of cadmium causes loss of renal tubular function, leading to proteinuria and impairment of lung function by causing bronchitis and obstructive lung disease.
