ABSTRACT
In asthmatics, antioxidants enzymes activity is observed to be decreased due to the increase in oxidative burden and depletion of consumable antioxidants. This research is aimed to investigate the effects of budesonide, salbutamol, and hydrocortisone on antioxidant levels in blood plasma in asthma induced Sprague-Dawley rats treated with budesonide, salbutamol and hydrocortisone. To achieve this, 25 female Sprague-Dawley rats were used for this study, they were divided into 2 main groups (control and test groups). Control group is subdivided into: Group 1 control - not induced with asthma, Group 2 negative control - induced with asthma and not treated. While the test group is divided into: Group 3 (asthma induced and treated with salbutamol), Group 4 (asthma induced and treated with budesonide), and Group 5 (asthma induced and treated with hydrocortisone), With 5 rats per group. All experimental groups (2, 3, 4 and 5) were sensitized with 1 mg OVA and 20 mg aluminum hydroxide dissolved in 0.9 saline on day 0 and 7, challenged with OVA (1 % w/v, adsorbed in 0.9 saline) twice weekly for 28 days, with a Medal family nebulizer. After confirmation of asthma in all test groups, treatment begun with 2 mg/kg salbutamol (oral), 5 mg/kg hydrocortisone (i.p), 0.042g/ml budesonide (inhaled for 15 minutes per day) for 28 days (4 weeks). At the end of treatment period, animals were anesthetized using chloroform and sacrificed. The blood was collected and centrifuged at 2500rev/min for 15 minutes, blood plasma was carefully collected using a pipette after blood was spun and sent to the laboratory for analysis using spectroscopy. Results showed salbutamol a significant increase MDA levels and hydrogen peroxide in blood plasma and there’s significant decrease in SOD levels. Although result shows no statistically significant difference total protein, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels remained unchanged upon administration of budesonide, salbutamol and hydrocortisone. With the results obtained from this research it was concluded that in blood plasma oxidative stress biomarker MDA increases, as well as hydrogen peroxide a ROS but there’s a decrease in antioxidant enzyme SOD levels in asthma induced Sprague-Dawley rat. Although total protein, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels remains unchanged
