THE EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM ADAPTATION ON LIPID PROFILE AND ATHEROGENIC INDICES IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS

ABSTRACT

This present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Magnesium adaptation on lipid profile and atherogenic indices in acute myocardial infarction and oxidative stress. A total of 16 adult New Zealand rabbits of both sexes with average weight between 1.7-2.8kg were commercially obtained and randomly divided into two experimental groups of 8 rabbits each. Group one was fed with normal rabbit pellets and water ad libitum. Group 2 was fed with normal rabbit pellets and high magnesium (4.8mM)/day for 16 weeks (Magnesium adapted rabbits-MAR). At the end of the 16th week, each group was divided into 2 sub-groups (N=4) control and test (myocardial infarction (MI) + oxidative stress (OS) induction) through subcutaneous administration of adrenaline hydrochloride at a single dose of 1mg/kg/ of adrenaline on two consecutive days with an interval of 24 hours between applications and at the end of the 2nd day, oxidative stress was induced with carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in a single dose of 1ml/kg/bw. Twenty-four hours after the induction of oxidative stress, each animal was anesthetized using chloroform vapour and 5ml of blood sample collected via cardiac puncture for analyses. The blood collected was allowed to clot and then centrifuged at 3000rpm for 3min. The serum was then collected with the aid of a Pasteur pipette in plain sample bottles and kept in the freezer till analysis. The results showed that magnesium supplementation caused a significant decrease in antioxidant activity level (MDA) in magnesium adapted rabbits when compared with none magnesium adapted rabbit while SOD was significantly increased in magnesium adapted rabbits compared to none magnesium adapted rabbits. Troponin I showed a significant decrease in the magnesium adapted rabbit when induced with myocardial infarction and oxidative stress compared to none magnesium adapted rabbit with induced myocardial infarction and oxidative stress. There was no statistically significant difference in Cholesterol and TAG levels in magnesium adapted rabbits induced with MI and OS compared to Non Magnesium adapted rabbits. HDL levels significantly decreased in Magnesium adapted rabbits when compared to Non Magnesium adapted rabbits and increased significantly in magnesium adapted rabbits induced with MI and OS. There was a significant decrease in LDL levels in magnesium adapted rabbits induced with MI and OS compared to Non Magnesium adapted rabbits. There was significant decrease in the four atherogenic indices, (Atherogenic index of Plasma, Atherogenic Coefficient and Cardiac Risk Ratio I and II) in Magnesium adapted rabbits induced with MI and OS compared to Non Magnesium adapted rabbits. This study showed that magnesium adaptation on lipid profile and atherogenic indices in acute myocardial infarction and oxidative stress significantly (p<0.05) prevented elevated levels of Troponin I, Creatinine Kinase, LDL and Malondialdehyde.The present study shows the cardiovascular and lipid peroxidation protective effects of magnesium adaptation during myocardial infarction and oxidative stress.