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ABSTRACT Jatropha tanjorensis is a plant that is known to possess various bioactive compounds with potential medicinal properties. Investigating its role in erythropoiesis and the associated molecular pathways could offer valuable insights into its therapeutic potential for conditions related to red blood cell production and its related disorders. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Jatropha tanjorensis on JAK2 and HOXA5 in mediating erythropoiesis in male albino Wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) male adult albino wistar rats were selected into five (5) groups. The groups were control group, phenyl hydrazine group, 1000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group, 2000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group and 4000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group. RNA extraction And semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to isolate RNA from rat bone marrow, Complimentary DNA was synthesized and was subsequently amplified using polymerase chain reaction. Gel electrophoresis was used to determine the bands of the genes. The findings revealed that the mRNA expression of JAK2 was significantly higher in the phenylhydrazine treated group when compared to control (p<0.05). Groups treated with 1000mg/kg, 2000mg/kg and 4000mg/kg showed significantly higher expression of JAK2 when compared to control (p<0.05). The mRNA expression of HOXA5 was lower in the phenylhydrazine treated group when compared to control group (p<0.05). Groups administered 1000mg/kg, 2000mg/kg and 4000mg/kg showed significantly higher expression of JAK2 when compared to control and phenylhydrazine treated group (p<0.05). In conclusion, Jatropha tanjorensis significantly increased JAK2 and HOXA5 expression. These results suggest that Jatropha tanjorensis could influence erythropoiesis by modulating the expression of key regulatory factors.
