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ABSTRACT
Jatropha tanjorensis is a plant renowned for possessing several bioactive compounds, some of which may hold promising medicinal properties. Delving into its impact on iron metabolism and the underlying molecular pathways presents an opportunity to uncover valuable insights regarding its therapeutic applications in iron-related conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Jatropha tanjorensis leaves extracts on hepcidin mRNA, serum iron, total iron binding capacity and transferrin saturation in male albino Wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) male adult albino wistar rats were selected into five (5) groups. The groups were control group, phenyl hydrazine group, 1000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group, 2000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group and 4000mg/Kg of Jatropha tanjorensis group. RNA extraction And semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to isolate RNA from rat bone marrow, Complimentary DNA was synthesized and was subsequently amplified using polymerase chain reaction. Gel electrophoresis was used to determine the bands of the genes while serum iron concentration and TIBC were measured by the Ferrozine method and the assay was carried out using the Iron/TIBC reagent set. The findings revealed that Serum Iron (µmol/L) was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the control group (10.44±0.50) when compared to the group administered 2000mg/kg of the extract (26.82±3.62). Serum Iron was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the untreated group (6.9±1.87) when compared to the group administered 1000mg/kg (18.52±0.71) and 2000mg/kg of the extract (26.82±3.62). Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the control group (266.2±23.22) when compared to the untreated group (313±93.19) and the groups administered 1000mg/kg (313±93.19), 2000mg/kg (2567±356.1) and 4000mg/kg (1604±192.3) of the extract. Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the untreated group (313±93.19) when compared to the groups administered 2000mg/kg (2567±356.1) and 4000mg/kg (1604±192.3) of the extract. Transferrin saturation was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the control group (3.971±0.3499) when compared to the untreated group (2.338±0.6764) and the groups administered 1000mg/kg (1.251±0.09), 2000mg/kg (1.047±0.03) and 4000mg/kg (1.09±0.22) of the extract. The mRNA expression of hepcidin was lower in the phenylhydrazine treated group when compared to control (p<0.05). Groups 3, 4 and 5 showed significantly higher expression of Hepcidin mRNA when compared to control and phenylhydrazine treated group (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that Jatropha tanjorensis could influence iron metabolism by modulating the expression of key regulatory factors, providing insights into potential therapeutic significance for iron-related disorders.
