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ABSTRACT
Carriage of different sickle cell genotypes may influence hematological parameter during malaria. This study was to evaluate the association of severe malaria and hematological indices on sickle cells in the AS and SS genotype. HbAS blood samples was collected from patients who came for random visit to the health centre, University of Benin while HbSS blood samples were collected from non-crisis sickle cell patients at the Sickle Cell Anemia Center, GRA, Benin City, Nigeria, mood of collection of sample was by venipuncture. A total of 35 samples were collected and stored in EDTA bottles to prevent clotting and was used within 24 hours. Detection of malaria parasites was carried out on thin blood smears and Giemsa stain was applied before being viewed under the light microscope to identify malaria species and quantify the parasite's density. The level of parasitemia was then expressed as percentage of erythrocytes infected with malarial parasite. Hematology examination was performed using Sysmex XN-1000, the examination included mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, hemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte count, platelet count, leukocyte and differential counts. Prior to analysis, the data was entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and graph pad prism statistical package. The data was treated to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Bartlett's test for equal variance, and turkey's multiple comparison test to identify discrepancies between the data. Significant P values was defined as those below ≤ 0.05. In the result, the haematological parameters of AS genotype without malaria appeared within the normal range. However, parameters such as leukocytes, erythrocytes and neutrophils are greatly affected in malaria conditions. This phenomenon indicates that the AS genotype has a degree of resistance to malaria parasites due to its slightly sickled cell, which makes it less susceptible to the parasite.
