ABSTRACT
The first chapter of this study sets the stage by introducing the purpose, scope, and methodology of the research. It aims to provide a detailed examination of satire as a literary device in modern English writing, focusing specifically on George Orwell's Animal Farm and Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels. The study seeks to understand how these authors employ satire to offer social commentary and critique their respective societies. Through a qualitative approach, the research will analyze the texts closely, examining language, narrative devices, and characterizations to uncover the authors' satirical intentions. Furthermore, the chapter provides background information on the authors and summaries of their respective works. George Orwell, born Eric Arthur Blair, is known for his clear prose and social criticism, with works like Nineteen Eighty-Four and Animal Farm among his most notable. Orwell's writings continue to influence political and popular culture, particularly through concepts like "Orwellian" and his critiques of totalitarianism. On the other hand, Jonathan Swift, an Irish clergyman, is renowned for Gulliver's Travels, a satirical masterpiece that critiques various aspects of society, politics, and human nature. Despite being written centuries apart, both authors' works remain relevant and impactful, addressing timeless themes of power, oppression, and societal flaws. The chapter also delves into the theoretical background, exploring how sociological theories such as conflict theory and symbolic interactionism provide frameworks for analyzing satire in literature. Through these lenses, the study aims to uncover deeper insights into the societal critiques embedded in Orwell's and Swift's works. Additionally, the review of literature highlights the extensive scholarship on satire and the enduring relevance of Orwell's and Swift's writings, offering various perspectives on their satirical techniques and thematic concerns. Lastly, the chapter outlines the thesis statement, which asserts the essay's focus on depicting and combating satire in Animal Farm and Gulliver's Travels. This statement encapsulates the central argument of the research, indicating a critical examination of how satire is employed by the authors and the potential implications of their satirical critiques. Overall, the first chapter lays a solid foundation for the subsequent analysis, providing context, theoretical frameworks, and a clear research direction.
