ABSTRACT

The study aimed to identify and study the relationship between, Refractive error and segments of  Binocular vision, students from the university of Benin participated in this research through random stratified sampling as a method of selection, one hundred and seventy three (173) students were taken through comprehensive optometric examination to investigate the Refractive error and Binocular vision status through objective refraction, subjective refraction and Binocularity testing including Cover test, near point of convergence test and magnitude of accommodation test. Results from these test Among the responses shared by the participants concerning symptoms include photophobia 55 (17.9%) difficulty seeing targets at near 51 (16.6%) eye pain 41 (13.3%) itching 40 (13.0%) least reported symptom was redness 7 (2.3%). The most prevalent refractive error was myopia with 53.2%, followed by Hyperopia (15.0%), while astigmatism was the least represented with 6.9%.On the prevalence of refractive error based on grade using age, mild myopia had the highest prevalence between age 16-20 years 72 (41.6%) 26-30 years was least represented with 16 (9.2%) for myopia age 16-20 years had the highest prevalence 21 (12.1%).On the basis of gender, females had more cases of mild refractive error 76 (43.9%) females also had a higher prevalence for moderate refractive error 17 (9.8%)On the prevalence of normal convergence status, age 16-20 years  normal convergence had the highest prevalence 55 (31.7%) age 26-30 were  least represented 10 (5.8%) on the basis of gender, the male had a slightly higher prevalence 52 (30.0%).Age 16-20 years had the highest frequency for accommodation excess, normal (53) while insufficient (1) was least for age 26-30 years .There were no significant difference (p>0.05) in the cover test results of the patients based on age and sex. Among the three age groups16-20 years had higher case of Orthophoria 83, 7 Exo and 3 Eso, For gender female had higher cases of orthophoria 81, 8 Exo and 4 Eso. The collected data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, specifically version 22.0. To determine the prevalence of refractive errors and binocular vision dysfunction, the chi-square test was employed as the statistical analysis method. The study found a relationship between refractive status and near point of convergence, and also between accommodation and convergence, there was also a relationship between prevalence of emmetropia and age, there was also a significant relationship between age and astigmatism.