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ABSTRACT
Citric acid, a versatile organic acid with a wide range of industrial applications, has garnered substantial attention in recent years due to its eco-friendly and sustainable production methods. To produce citric acid from Aspergillus niger using corn corn as substrate. The fungus, Aspergillus niger was isolated from - and used to inoculate the medium. The corn cob was processed and subjected to heat and acid pretreatment. Control samples had no treatments applied. Fermentation was carried out using the various pretreated corn cob for 12 days and samples analyzed at time intervals were changes in pH, reducing sugar concentrations, cell biomass and citric acids. The results showed that the control medium had the highest dry fungal biomass (g/L) and the acid pretreated corn cob (g/L) had the highest citric acid yield of 13.85 and 0.583±0.001 respectively after 6 days of fermentation. The acid pretreated corn cob had the lowest dry fungal biomass meanwhile the heat pretreated corn cob had the lowest citric acid yield of 0.93g and 0.00 respectively after 12 days of fermentation . This research not only contributes to the understanding of citric acid fermentation but also underscores the importance of sustainable practices in bioprocessing. Further investigations and process optimizations guided by these findings hold promise for enhancing citric acid production efficiency and sustainability, this project represents a crucial step towards sustainable citric acid production by harnessing the potential of Aspergillus niger and corn cob as a substrate.
