ABSTRACT
This work is aimed at investigating the phytochemistry, analgesic, anti-inflammatory properties of the aqueous and methanol fruit extract of Desplastia chrysochlamys. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, Carrageen induced paw oedema, Egg albumin induced paw oedema, Hot plate model and Tail flick model were the methods used to determine the phytochemical, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the fruit extract. Male and female Wistar rats and mice were used with body weight of 120 g - 150 g and 23 g -25 g respectively, they were divided into 8 groups each; Group 1 was the control, Group 2 standard drug, Group 3, 4, 5 were treated with 30 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg of the plant aqueous extract and Group 6, 7, 8 contained 30 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg methanol plant extract. The GC-MS analysis revealed 11 bioactive compounds: 2-butene,2,3-dimethyl, Decanoic acid, methyl ester, 9,12-Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 6-Octadecanioc acid, methyl ester , 9-Octadecanoic acid, Ethyl ester, Tetradecanoic acid, ethyl ester, 1-flurodecane ,Cis-11-Hexadecenal, Hexadecanoic acid , 2-1-undecenol, Decanoic acid and 2-oxo-methyl ester. Lower dose of the aqueous extract (30 mg/kg) had the highest analgesic activity (p<0.001) with the hot plate model while higher dose (100 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg) of the methanol plant extract, egg albumin paw induced oedema contained highly significant anti-inflammatory properties. Due to the presence of these compounds and observations gotten during the experiments conducted, the fruits of Desplastia chrysochlamys can be said to contain phytochemically active compounds, analgesics and anti-inflammatory activities.
