ABSTRACT
This study examined the physical and chemical properties of soil under different cropping systems. The study investigated six types of cropping systems: Forestry, multicroppingsystem,monocropping system, fallow land and orange orchard. Soil samples were collected to determine particle size distribution,Electrical conductivity, Effective Cation Exchange Capacity, organic carbon, organic matter,total nitrogen,Aluminum, Hydrogen, Calcium, Sodium, Potassium and available phosphorus. The materials taken to the sample area were soil auger, polythene bags, masking tape and GPS. Three samples were taken from each study area at a particular point of depths 0-15cm, 15-30cm, 30-60cm.
The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test was used to separate significant means at p< 0.05. There were differences in the properties of the soils obtained from the various cropping systems. Results showed that the forestry soils were more fertile than others as it had more Organic matter content, Organic carbon, ECEC, Electrical conductivity, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium. Soil pH across the cropping systems was slightly acidic to strongly acidic, while soil organic carbon was least in the orchard. Results implied that afforestation and cultivation of tree crops conserved soil properties better. Therefore, the establishment of tree crops should be encouraged.
