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Abstract
Oxidative stress is a well documented mechanism by which zinc chloride induces neurotoxicity and changes in the nervous system. A naturally occurring flavonoid known as naringenin is a strong antioxidant that has been demonstrated to help treat oxidative damage-related disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate neuroprotective activities of naringenin in zinc chloride induced toxicity and the resulting oxidative damage. A 100mM of naringenin dose was considered the appropriate standard for this study after exposure to flies varying doses naringenin in a 15-days survival study. Group I serve as the control while group II were treated with 1mg/L of zinc chloride via their diet. Group III were treated with 100mM of naringenin via their diet and Group IV were treated with 1mg/L of zinc chloride and 100mM of naringenin via their diet. The flies were maintained on these treatment at room temperature for seven (7) days. Negative geotaxis was carried out to check for locomotor activity (Climbing activity). Open field study was also carried out to check for locomotor performance. The impact of 1mg/L of ZnCl2 and 50mM or 100mM naringenin on the survival rate of flies was also evaluated by carrying out a 15-day survival study. At the end of the experimental period, the flies were homogenized and the supernatants were used oxidative stress biomarkers assays. In this study, ZnCl2 decreased the survival rate of the flies as a result of continuous exposure. There was also a deficit in the climbing activity and motility of the flies that were treated with ZnCl2. ZnCl2 significantly inhibited the activities of SOD in the flies but the effect ZnCl2 on AChE activities was minimal. In CAT, there was no significant change and GST activities was significantly reduced in flies treated with ZnCl2. In co-treated protocol, naringenin was able to significantly improved the survival rate, improved the climbing and locomotor activity of the flies. Naringenin also ameliorated ZnCl2 toxicity in AChE activities. In addition, Naringenin increased the activities of SOD and GST. In conclusion, this study showed that Naringenin has both antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities and could have therapeutic benefits against zinc chloride toxicity when applied with appropriate dosage.
