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ABSTRACT
Substances that deform continuously when external shear (tangential) forces, however small, are applied to them are known as fluids (which includes both liquids and gases). They have no fixed shape; they take the form of the vessels in which they are contained and they provide minimal resistance to external pressure. When fluid inertia, body forces (such as gravity), and/or pressure gradients balance the effects of fluid viscosity (the internal friction between the fluid's layers), viscous flows occur. A viscous flow is said to be incompressible when the density of the fluid remains virtually constant throughout the flow.
This study investigates the fundamental concepts and properties of incompressible viscous flows with attention to the Navier-Stokes equations which are the equations of motion, as well as the conservation principles that govern such flows. The significance of the Reynold’s number, the dimensionless equations, the initial and boundary layer conditions are also highlighted. Problems involving fluid flow between two parallel plates and axial flow through a cylinder are equally treated.
All of these ultimately provide valuable insights into the fascinating subject of incompressible viscous flows, contribute to our comprehension and appreciation of flow processes and also offer pertinent data for further research.
