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Summary
The Nigerian government has had to deal with the issue of insurgency for a long period of time, from as early as 1966, insurgency existed in less prominent forms in the case of the Niger Delta Volunteer Force(NDVF) which eventually evolved into the Movement for the Emancipation of Niger Delta (MEND), both of which were “termed” moves to liberate the Niger Delta people from extreme poverty, degradation of the human living environment and to speak up for the Niger Delta people against government policies that did not favor them despite the oil exploration done on their land.1 Then there was the Movement for the actualization of the sovereign state of Biafra (MASSOB), this group was said to be a logical follow-up to the failed activities of the Biafran belligerents.2 The groups formation was necessitated by the agony of the defeat from the Nigerian civil war in 1967 and some unsettled issues affecting them in the Nigerian system. However, MASSOB has never claimed responsibility for any terrorist act, nor has anyone been attributed to its activities so far.
