EVALUATION OF TRADITIONAL BELIEFS AND MEDICINAL USES OF WILDLIFE AMONG SOME SELECTED ETHNIC GROUPS IN BENIN-CITY, EDO STATE, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

The results of the present study was carried out in three Local Government Areas of Benin City to investigate traditional beliefs and medicinal uses of wild animals among some selected ethnic groups in Benin City. The objective was to identify the traditional knowledge and uses of wildlife among the ethnic groups. Investigate the species used by different ethnic groups and to examine the totemic species among the ethnic groups. A preliminary visit was made to identify the different tribal meeting point where weekly and monthly meetings are held within the city. A total of 12 ethnic groups were identified within the three Local Government Areas. Based on 60% and 40%, sampling intensity was allotted to the number of individuals in each ethnic group below 100 and above 100 respectively. Data was collected through primary and secondary sources. Ethnic groups perceived to be richer in traditional totemic beliefs, out of 250 ethnic groups in Benin City, 12 ethnic groups were engaged. A total of 180 copies of questionnaires were administered to elicit information. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage summarized in tables and charts and inferential statistics with the use of analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance. Duncan’s multiple range test was also used to separate means from mean of variables under review. Majority (19.6%) of the respondents affirmed the improving of fertility in women was the major uses of wildlife in traditional medicine. The majority (48.3%) of respondents had moderate understanding of the traditional belief of wildlife. The results also revealed that antelopes were the major animals traditionally used for socio-cultural activities in the study area. The result shows significant differences (p<0.05) among the various wildlife regarded as totemic species. Also, it was revealed that the regards for wildlife was highly significant (p<0.05) among the Urhobo, Anioma, Igbo and Isoko. Spirit of the ancestors dominate every other belief towards wildlife. The study concluded that the respondents possess a moderate knowledge and understanding on the traditional uses of wildlife. The ethnic groups should be given recognition and encouragement towards protection of indigenous wildlife species.