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ABSTRACT
Sida acuta is shrub belonging to Malvaceae family. The plant is widely distributed in the subtropical regions where it is found in bushes, in farms and around habitations. The plant is widely distributed in the subtropical regions where it is found in bushes, in farms and around habitations. Surveys conducted in indigenous places revealed that the plant had many traditional usages that varied from one region to another. This study was performed to evaluate the phyto-chemical and antibacterial properties of Sida acuta leaf extract against bacterial isolates. Standard methods were employed in the phytochemistry, the bacterial identification and the antibiotic susceptibility assay. Water was used as the extraction solvents. Results obtained from the phytochemical analyses of the aqueous extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, glycosides, polyphenols, oxalate and flavonoids. The sensitivity of the isolates to the extracts was represented by zones of inhibition at different concentrations. The highest zones of inhibition was observed at 1000 mg/ml while the lowest was observed at 250mg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration of extract, and the minimum bacteriocidal concentration was showed that plant extract was neither bacteriocidal nor fungicidal. The antibiogram of the isolates against standard antibiotics used as positive control revealed the resistant pattern of the isolates to conventional antibiotics used in medicine. The potential antibacterial effect of Sida acuta leaf extract has been revealed in this study, therefore its controlled use should be encouraged in the treatment of infections caused by the bacterial isolates.
