ABSTRACT
Asthma is a common heterogenous disease having of multiple overlapping phenotypes driven by different endotypes. It is a known inflammatory condition of the airways characterized by bronchial hyper responsiveness, coughing, wheezing, and chest tightness. Montelukast, a monocarboxylic acid with aliphatic sulfide from the quinolone family is a cysteinyl-leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the prophylaxis of asthma and management of various inflammatory disorders. Just as montelukast, hydrocortisone which is a glucocorticoid, is also a cysteinylleukotriene receptor antagonist. While Salbutamol noticeable for the symptomatic relief and prevention of bronchospasm due to its potent smooth muscle relaxant properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of salbutamol , hydrocortisone and montelukast on asthma induced Sprague-Dawley rat. To achieve this 25 female Sprague dawley rats were used for this study, which were divided into 2 main groups (control and test groups). Control group is subdivided into: Group 1 control - not induced with asthma, Group 2 negative control - induced with asthma but not treated. While the test group is divided into: Group 3 (asthma induced and treated with Salbutamol), Group 4 (asthma induced and treated with montelukast), viii and Group 5 (asthma induced and treated with hydrocortisone). With 5 rats per group. Asthma was induced by sensitizing the rats with ovalbumin (100ug) on day 0,7, and day14 and was challenged with ovalbumin 0.5% w/v (dissolved in 100mg/ml aluminum hydroxide and saline) three times every week for four weeks, with a Medal family nebulizer. During the period of challenged the tested groups were being treated with Salbutamol 2mg/kg, montelukast 2mg/kg, hydrocortisone 3mg/kg and hydrocortisone 3mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, blood was collected from the abdominal aorta of rats under light diethyl ether anaesthesia in a heparinized tube. Result shows a statistically significant increase in TNF-α in salbutamol compared to control, negative control, montelukast and hydrocortisone, significant increase in IL 6 in hydrocortisone compared to control, significant decrease in salbutamol compared to hydrocortisone and no statistically significant difference in angiotensin II in negative control, montelukast, hydrocortisone and salbutamol compared to control. Conclusion: Combining these medications can enhance their effectiveness in relieving inflammation and symptoms of conditions like asthma. However, the impact on markers varies based on factors such as condition, patient traits, dosage, treatment duration, and possible drug interactions
