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ABSTRACT
Asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, airway remodeling, bronchial hyperreactivity, and partially reversible airflow obstruction, with its primary effects on the respiratory system but also has secondary effects on the kidney. The purpose of this study was intended at examining the effect of montelukast and hydrocortisone on the kidney antioxidant levels in asthma induced Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty (20) Sprague-Dawley rats which weighed between 180-250g were divided into two (2) main groups, after two weeks of acclimatization, namely: the Control group and Test group. The test group were further divided into two (2) subgroups. Each group consisted of five (5) rats each (n=5). The control group received normal rat chow and water, while the negative control group was exposed to asthma, without treatment. The test groups were exposed to concentrations of Ovalbumin (OVA, egg albumin grade II) and aluminum hydroxide to induce asthma. After confirmation of asthma in all tests group, the treatment groups received Montelukast (10mg/kg/day) and Hydrocortisone (5mg/kg/day), for four weeks. Antioxidant parameters; Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione (GSH)) were assessed using standard biochemical assays. The results obtained showed a significant increase in Superoxidase Dismutase in asthmatic groups treated with montelukast and Hydrocortisone as compared to the control group. The Total Antioxidant Capacity was significantly reduced in the “Asthma not treated” group compared to the control group, indicating increased oxidative stress. No significant difference was observed in Glutathione peroxidase and catalase on asthmatics treated with Montelukast and Hydrocortisone, compared to control. A significant decrease was observed in Glutathione, in asthmatics treated with Hydrocortisone and Montelukast in comparison with control. In conclusion, Montelukast and Hydrocortisone are effective anti-asthmatic drugs. In this study, both treatments demonstrated a high impact on antioxidants which reduced oxidative stress in asthma-induced Sprague Dawley rats.
