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ABSTRACT
Although it is known as hog plum in the majority of Nigeria, the scientific name for it is Spondias mombin. The fruit tree Spondias mombin, which belongs to the Anacardiaceae family, has a number of therapeutic benefits. Spondias mombin is a well-known medicinal plant having therapeutic benefits for a variety of illnesses and conditions. This plant has been shown to be useful in treating cancer, diabetes, hepatitis, and malaria, according to earlier literature. In the current study, the effects of an ethanolic Spondias mombin extract on colon cancer in Wistar rats induced with 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) were examined 35 male Wistar rats, weighing between 120 and 180 grams, were randomized into five groups after two weeks of acclimatization (7 per group). Groups A (CONTROL), B (DMH), C (DMH + Xeloda), D (DMH + EXTRACT), E (EXTRACT then DMH), were studied (DMH then EXTRACT). A daily oral gavage was used to provide the ethanol extract from the first week to the fourteenth week after the malignancy was induced. This study shows that the administration of the ethanolic extract of Spondias mombin at a concentration of 500 mg/kg significantly reduced the carcinogenic impact of DMH-induced rats' elevated levels. The colon's histology demonstrated necrosis in the organ tissues of rats given DMH alone, but progressive tissue healing in the group given DMH and then given Spondias mombin ethanolic extract showed mild necrosis. Both the oxidative stress indicators and statistical differences between the five groups were significant (p>0.05). However, as compared to the untreated control group, the DMH + Hydroethanol extract group displayed lower levels (Group A). These findings validate the use of Spondias mombin in traditional medicine by indicating that its ethanolic extract has anticancer effects.
