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ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion and glucose utilization. Andrographis paniculata, a medicinal herb, is known for its potential anti-diabetic properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of A. paniculata aqueous extract on the activities of insulin, amylase, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. The diabetic rats were divided into two groups: one receiving A. paniculata aqueous extract (300 mg/kg) orally for 14 days, and the other serving as a diabetic control group. A non-diabetic control group was also included. Blood samples and organs (liver and pancreas) were collected at the end of the study for biochemical analysis. The results demonstrated that the A. paniculata extract significantly lowered serum insulin levels in diabetic rats treated with the extract, indicating an improvement in insulin sensitivity. Additionally, the extract exhibited a significant increase in serum amylase activity, suggesting improved glucose utilization in diabetic rats. Furthermore, LDH activity was elevated in the A. paniculata-treated diabetic group, indicating potential oxidative stress or tissue damage. In conclusion, A. paniculata aqueous extract showed beneficial effects on insulin secretion and amylase activity. These findings suggest that A. paniculata may have potential as a natural remedy for improving glycemic control and reducing diabetes-related complications. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these observed effects and to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of A. paniculata as a complementary approach in diabetes management.
