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ABSTRACT
Hypertensive nephropathy refers to kidney failure that can be attributed to a history of hypertension. It is a chronic condition and it is a serious risk factor for the development of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) (Wikipedia, 2016). In the United States, hypertensive nephropathy accounts for about 27.5% of incident dialysis patients annually; it is the second most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (USRDS, 2009). Worldwide, the reported prevalence of hypertensive nephropathy varies, reportedly accounting for 27% of new ESRD patients in France, 21% in Italy, 7% in China, 6% in Japan and about 12% in the European Dialysis and Transplantation Association (EDTA) registry (Fervanca et al., 2009). Hypertension is the persistent elevation of blood pressure in the body ( 140/90mmHg). Hypertensive nephropathy refers to kidney failure that can be attributed to a history of hypertension. It is a chronic condition and it is a serious risk factor for the development of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). An alternative mechanism of hypertensive nephropathy is prolonged glomerular hypertension and hence glomerular hyper-filtration.The activity of arginase was initially associated with liver function and later was found to be associated with malignancies. More recently. It has been linked with other disease states including those of the kidney, cardiovascular, and central nervous system. Increased arginase activity seems to represent a key feature of kidney failure in nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy and glomerulonephritis. Thus it is important to identify the specific role of arginase in the progression of kidney failure. Hence, the aim of this project is to determine the role of arginase in hypertensive nephropathy.
