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ABSTRACT
The global problem of the low voltage profile of power available to consumers is a consequence of power loss and no matter how carefully the power system network is designed, losses are inevitable. The complexity of the network, sudden load demand can lead to varying voltage. The voltage level of a power system network is directly proportional to the reactive power in the grid. Sudden load demands, the major type of ads and the complexity of the network make the reactive power in the network change. This fluctuation in reactive power causes the varying voltageprofile of the network. Distribution system op rotors suffer significantly as a consequence of voltage fluctuations as it increases the operating cost due to power losses in the network, reduces the efficiency of energy utilization and shortens the lifetime of equipment. Furthermore, it can have. ' direct consequences on the commercial quality of electricity. The Power Factor gives an idea about the efficiency of the system to do useful work out of the supplied electric power. A low value of power factor leads to increase is electric losses and draws penalty by the utility. To improve the power factor to desired level, reactive power compensators are used in the substations. The most common used device is a capacitor bank which are switched on and off manually based on the requirement. If automatic switching ¢can be employed for the correction devices, not only will it improve the response time but also removes any scope for error. The work carried out is slanted towards enveloping a power factor correction equipment based on embedded system coupled with a SCADA system which can automatically monitor the power factor in the system and take care of the switching process to maintain a desired level of power factor which fulfils the standard norms. 'In order to achieve The Volt-VAR optimization system, the load demand analysis of University of Benin Teaching Hospital electricity distribution network of 2013. Electrical Transient Analyzer: Program (ETAP) was used to carry out the load flow analysis of the network using to obtain Voltages, power angles, real power, reactive power and ' power losses at the buses using Newtork Raphson Method. Also, it was used to determine the optimal placement and rating of capacitors used for reactive power compensation. A SCADA ! (Rule based) Voltage-VAR optimization system was designed for the UBTH distribution network.
