ABSTRACT
This study presents a comparative analysis of three residential roof types—gable, hip, and shed roofs—within the context of Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The research evaluates these roof designs based on cost, structural stability, climatic suitability, and overall construction efficiency. Utilizing a BIM (ArchiCAD) generated building plan, a detailed cost analysis of the wooden framework for each roof type was conducted. Results indicate that the shed roof, with a wood framework cost of 895,000 Naira, is the most cost-effective option. The hip roof, costing 951,000 Naira, provides enhanced structural stability and superior resistance to the region’s heavy rainfall and strong winds, while the gable roof, priced at 1,154,000 Naira, offers additional attic space but proves less resilient in harsh weather conditions and requires a higher financial investment. The findings underscore the Importance of balancing cost with environmental adaptability and long-term performance. While the shed roof is recommended for budget-conscious projects, the hip roof presents an optimal solution for homeowners prioritizing durability. In contrast, the gable roof, despite its traditional aesthetic appeal, presents challenges in terms of wind resistance and overall cost. This study provides critical insights to architects, builders, and policymakers, facilitating informed decision-making in the design and construction of cost-efficient and climate-resilient residential buildings in Benin City
