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ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health issues affecting people across the world. The complications of diabetes mellitus also affects vital organs of human body, among which the eyes are more susceptible to diabetic complications. Intraocular pressure has been reported to be affected by the level of glucose in the blood. The main purpose of this study is to determine the difference in intraocular pressure in subjects with diabetes and subjects without diabetes. A total of one hundred subjects were examined; 50 males and 50 females. Diabetics subjects had a mean intraocular pressure of 15.362.86mmHg and non-diabetic subjects had a mean intraocular pressure of 13.081.60mmHg which shows a significant difference in IOP between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects (t=4.92, df=98, p< 0.05). In comparing IOP among gender for diabetics and Non-diabetics, there was no significant difference between male diabetics (14.95± 3.25mmHg) and female diabetics (15.67±2.51mmHg) but there was a significant difference between female diabetics (15.67±2.51mmHg) and the two other groups; female Non-diabetics (13.39± 1.39mmHg) and male Non-diabetics (12.68±1.78mmHg). There was also a significant difference between the male diabetic group (14.95±3.25mmHg) and male Non-diabetic group (12.68±1.78mmHg) but no significant difference between the male diabetics (14.95± 3.25mmHg) and female non-diabetics group (13.39± 1.39mmHg). There was no gender difference in IOP between male and female diabetics and also no difference between male and female Non-diabetics. IOP decreases as age increases among the diabetic and non-diabetic subjects which shows that IOP was negatively correlated with age. In conclusion, diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for raised IOP. Diabetic subjects should be regularly screened for IOP so that burden ocular morbidity due to glaucoma can be reduced.
