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ABSTRACT
This research project conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of various earthing grid shapes to determine their respective impacts on the performance and safety of earthing systems. The study involved the evaluation of commonly used earthing grid shapes, such as rectangular, triangular, T-shaped and L-shaped configurations, considering factors like ground resistance, fault current dispersion, step and touch potentials. The preliminary system data such as soil resistivity, fault current and ground grid area were collected from a 1x15MVA 33/11kv Injection susbstation and analysed for further calculations. While the soil resistivity was calculated using Wenner method, the earthing design calculations for the tolerable limits for touch and step potentials were done using the IEEE method. The simulation was done using E-TAP 19.0.1 (Electrical Transient Analyzer Programme) and the results were analysed comparatively for each earthing grid shape. The findings of this comparative analysis provides valuable insights into selecting the most suitable earthing grid shape for specific applications, helping engineers and practitioners make informed decisions to enhance the safety and reliability of electrical systems. Ultimately, this research contributes to the advancement of earthing system design and supports the optimization of power distribution infrastructure for the modern electrical grid.
