APOLOGY AND REQUEST STRATEGIES IN E̩DO

ABSTRACT

This research investigates into the complex dynamics of request and apology strategies within the Edo language, aiming to uncover their cultural influences, linguistic characteristics, societal functions, and contextual subtleties. Employing a qualitative research design, the study engages with native Edo speakers aged between 35-40 years through oral interviews as the primary data collection method. The primary goal is to identify and analyze the terms and expressions used in making requests and offering apologies within the Edo cultural milieu. Drawing upon Brown and Levinson's politeness theory, the analysis reveals a spectrum of politeness strategies ranging from direct and straightforward to indirect and nuanced approaches. Positive apology markers such as "laho̩ " (please) illustrate deference and respect, while apology strategies like "ghe̩ gui" (I'm sorry) and "ghe̩ ghi mu oru" (Don’t be angry) aim to mitigate potential threats to one's face. The findings show a notable contrast between bald-on-record strategies, which prioritize efficiency, and more indirect approaches aimed at maintaining social harmony. Cultural norms and social hierarchies significantly influence the selection of politeness strategies, as evidenced by terms like "baba" (daddy) in "baba haho̩ " (Daddy please), which carry connotations of respect and deference. However, the relationship between the speaker and listener plays a crucial role in determining the appropriateness and effectiveness of politeness strategies. While direct strategies may be perceived as sincere and efficient in certain contexts, they run the risk of causing offense or damaging social relationships if overly blunt. In contrast, indirect strategies offer a more suitable approach for delicate situations or when preserving social harmony is paramount.