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ABSTRACT
Traffic congestion is a pervasive issue in urban areas, posing significant challenges to the efficient movement of goods and people. The Benin-Sapele Road, a crucial transportation artery in Benin City, has experienced persistent traffic congestions, impacting the operations of commercial transport. Understanding the causes and effects of congestion on this route is essential for devising targeted solutions that can alleviate the strain on transportation systems and improve overall efficiency. The primary aim of this analysis is to investigate the causes and effects of traffic congestions on commercial transport operations along the Benin-Sapele Road in Benin City by delving into the underlying factors contributing to congestion and examining the consequences on businesses and transportation. The ultimate goal is to propose practical and effective solutions to mitigate traffic congestion. The project was conducted along Benin-Sapele Road in Benin-city, Edo-State. The moving observer method developed by Wardrop and Charlesworth in 1954 and the stationary observer method was used in the course of the project. The data obtained from the project was analyzed and modelled with the Greenshields model and also capacity and volume was compared to determine the level of service of the road. The traffic signal, number of lanes, bad spot along the road segment etc. contributes to the causes of traffic congestion and increased travel times, decrease in fuel efficiency, reduction in market coverage, etc. are some of the effects of this congestion. For congestion to occur, the volume must be greater than the capacity. Conclusively, the v/c ratio was found to be 1.08 and the average speed was found to be 21.8km/hr indicating a Level of Service F with a road user understanding of a congested flow.
