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ABSTRACT
Aquatic environments are increasingly exposed to nanoparticles due to the growing utilization of nanomaterials in various industries. Understanding the potential ecological consequences of nanoparticle exposure is crucial for safeguarding aquatic ecosystems. This study investigates the impact of nanoparticles on the swimming performance of Clarias gariepinus, a widely distributed freshwater fish species of ecological and economic significance. Our study employs a controlled laboratory setting, exposing fish embryos to varying concentrations of Al2O3 and ZnO nanoparticles ranging from 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L from 3hpf to 48hpf. The swimming behaviour of the embryos was monitored using high-resolution video analysis at 48hpf. Significantly, there was a progressive decline in swimming performance of the embryos with increase in nanoparticle concentrations in comparison with the control group. This indicate a negative impact on the physiology and swimming strength of the embryos This research contributes to the understanding of the ecological consequences of nanoparticle exposure in aquatic environments and highlights the need for further investigation into the potential longterm effects on fish populations. Such insights are essential for informed environmental management and conservation efforts in an era of increasing nanomaterial usage.
